What Selenium 4 can offer better than 3 ?

Selenium 4 introduces several new features and improvements over Selenium 3. Here are the top 5 capabilities that set Selenium 4 apart:

👉Native Support for Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP)

Selenium 4 provides native support for CDP, allowing direct interaction with the Chrome browser. This enables advanced browser manipulation, such as intercepting network requests, emulating different device views, and more sophisticated debugging capabilities. Selenium 3 lacks this built-in support, requiring additional tools or extensions to achieve similar functionalities.

👉 Improved WebDriver Protocol

Selenium 4 fully implements the W3C WebDriver standard, which standardizes browser automation. This leads to more consistent and reliable cross-browser testing. While Selenium 3 also supports the WebDriver API, the implementation in Selenium 4 adheres more closely to the W3C standard, enhancing compatibility and reducing discrepancies between different browsers.

👉Enhanced Grid Architecture:

Selenium 4 introduces a more efficient and user-friendly Selenium Grid with a new architecture that supports Docker. This allows for easier scaling and deployment of tests across distributed environments. The Grid 4 version also comes with a new user interface that provides better observability and management of the grid’s state and resources.

👉Relative Locators:

Selenium 4 introduces relative locators (formerly known as “Friendly Locators”). These allow you to locate web elements relative to the position of other elements (e.g., above, below, to the left of, to the right of, near). This new feature makes writing locators more intuitive and can simplify test scripts significantly. Selenium 3 lacks this feature, requiring more complex XPath or CSS selectors to achieve similar results.

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👉 Better Documentation and IDE:

Selenium 4 comes with an improved Selenium IDE that provides better documentation, support for new commands, and a more robust playback and record functionality. This makes it easier for testers to create and maintain their test cases. Selenium 3’s IDE had more limited capabilities and was less user-friendly compared to the revamped version in Selenium 4.

These advancements make Selenium 4 a more powerful and flexible tool for browser automation, providing enhanced functionality, better performance, and greater ease of use compared to Selenium 3.