SDET Interview Preparation - Maven for Dependency Management

1. Introduction to Maven:

Apache Maven is a powerful project management tool used for Java projects. It handles project build, dependencies, reporting, and documentation from a central piece of information.

Understand what Maven is, its purpose, and why it's used in software development.

2. Maven Architecture:

Maven's architecture revolves around the POM (Project Object Model) file, repositories for storing Java libraries, plugins for executing tasks, and dependencies that your project needs.

Learn about the architecture of Maven, including its core concepts like POM (Project Object Model), repositories, plugins, and dependencies.

3. Maven Installation and Setup:

This involves downloading Maven, setting environment variables, and verifying the installation.

Understand how to install Maven and set it up on your local system.

4. Understanding POM.xml:

The POM.xml file is the fundamental unit in Maven. It contains information about the project and configuration details used by Maven to build the project.

Learn about the POM.xml file, its structure, and its role in managing project information, configuration, and dependencies.

5. Maven Lifecycle:

Maven follows a lifecycle for building projects - clean, validate, compile, test, package, verify, install, and deploy. Each phase represents a stage in the lifecycle.

Understand the different phases of the Maven lifecycle - clean, validate, compile, test, package, verify, install, and deploy.

6. Maven Dependencies:

Dependencies are external Java libraries required for the project. In Maven, these are added to the POM.xml file.

Learn how to add, update, and remove dependencies in the POM.xml file.

7. Maven Repositories:

These are directories of packaged JAR files with a POM file. Maven repositories can be local (on your machine), central (on Maven servers), or remote (on corporate servers).

Understand the different types of repositories in Maven - local, central, and remote.

8. Maven Plugins:

Maven uses plugins to interact with its lifecycle phases. Each plugin is a collection of goals, and each goal represents a specific task.

Learn about Maven plugins, their role, and how to use them in a project.

9. Building Projects with Maven:

Learn how to use Maven to build and test your projects or run automation suites.

10. Multi-module Projects:

In larger projects, you might have multiple modules with a parent POM file. Maven allows you to manage such multi-module projects.

Understand how to work with multi-module projects in Maven.

11. Maven Profiles:

Profiles are specified in the POM file and used for customizing builds for different environments.

Learn about Maven profiles and how they can be used to customize builds.

12. Maven in CI/CD pipeline:

Maven plays a crucial role in CI/CD pipelines, allowing automated building and testing of projects.

Understand how Maven fits into a Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline.

13. Best Practices:

These include declaring project dependencies in the POM file, using version numbers correctly, and not storing generated files.

Learn the best practices for using Maven, including managing dependencies, versioning, and more.

14. Troubleshooting Common Issues:

Common issues can include build failures, dependency errors, and plugin execution problems.

Understand common issues that can arise when using Maven and how to troubleshoot them.

15. Advanced Maven Concepts:

These include understanding inheritance and aggregation in multi-module projects and managing project dependencies.

Cover advanced topics like inheritance, aggregation, and dependency management.

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